Big Idea 2
1. Adhesion of Water
Adhesion is the attraction of one substance to another. In the photo, this is illustrated by the small water drop defying gravity by clinging to the duck.
3. ATP
The plants in the photo contain ATP, short for adenosine triphosphate. ATP is made up of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups. ATP is the main energy source in many metabolic processes, such as cellular respiration or photophosphorylation.
3. ATP
The plants in the photo contain ATP, short for adenosine triphosphate. ATP is made up of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups. ATP is the main energy source in many metabolic processes, such as cellular respiration or photophosphorylation.
4. Autotroph
An autotroph is an organism that does not require eating anything from another organism to survive. Photosynthesis and chemosynthesis are the two main methods that autotrophs use to sustain themselves. The plant in this picture is an excellent example. It creates energy for itself through photosynthesis, and does not consume another organism's products. It is a self-feeder.
5. Calvin Cycle
Plants such as this potted basil plant go through the Calvin cycle during the process of photosynthesis. The Calvin Cycle is a light-independent reaction in which the plant converts water and carbon dioxide into useful organic compounds that are consumed by the plant or by the animals that feed on the plant.
5. Calvin Cycle
Plants such as this potted basil plant go through the Calvin cycle during the process of photosynthesis. The Calvin Cycle is a light-independent reaction in which the plant converts water and carbon dioxide into useful organic compounds that are consumed by the plant or by the animals that feed on the plant.
6. Carbohydrate
The biscuits in this photo are made from starch. After photosynthesis, plants store energy in the form of glucose in starch for later use. This starch is then harvested and baked into the biscuits seen in the picture above.
10. Cohesion of Water
Cohesion of water is the attraction of water to itself. This is caused by the many hydrogen bonds that are constantly breaking and reforming every second. The water in this picture sticks together in puddles.
12. Ectothermy
This sidewinder rattlesnake is an example of an ectotherm. Ectotherms rely on outside temperatures to regulate their body heat. Ectotherms are usually found in areas where the temperature is generally stable, such as the desert or the abyssal ocean.
13. Endothermy
Endotherms, like the southern tamandua above, regulate their body temperature almost completely from within their body. Usually the heat they require is a byproduct of their metabolism, but endotherms can also employ methods such as shivering to adjust their temperature.
14. Entropy
Entropy describes the tendency of the universe to fall into disorder. The match here is breaking hydrogen bonds in the ice by melting, increasing disorder.
16. Fermentation
The wine in the above picture starts as grape juice and goes through fermentation to become alcoholic. Fermentation occurs in organisms as a type of anaerobic respiration. It takes over from aerobic respiration when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the muscles, and results in a buildup of lactic acid.
18. Glycolysis
This dwarf crocodile undergoes glycolysis as a step in cellular respiration. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. From there, the pyruvate is used in the citric acid cycle.
19. Heterotroph
Chimpanzees are examples of heterotrophs. Heterotrophs are unable to produce their own food, and are dependent upon organic substances for sustenance. Heterotrophs include all animals.
20. Homeostasis
This club-tailed iguana maintains homeostasis. Homeostasis is the maintaining of an equilibrium within an organism, especially temperature and pH. In this case, the iguana is a conformer, meaning it allows the environment around it to determine parameters for homeostasis.
23. Hydrophilic
Hydrophilic substances, like apple juice, mixes with water. The ice cubes will eventually melt, and the apple juice will become watered down as water mixes with the juice.
24. Hydrophobic
Olive oil is hydrophobic. This means that it will not mix with water, and repels it.
27. Citric Acid Cycle
The turtle is an animal in which the Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb's Cycle) takes place. The Citric Acid Cycle completes the breakdown of gulcose that was started in glycolysis by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide. It is a step in the process of cellular respiration.
10. Cohesion of Water
Cohesion of water is the attraction of water to itself. This is caused by the many hydrogen bonds that are constantly breaking and reforming every second. The water in this picture sticks together in puddles.
12. Ectothermy
This sidewinder rattlesnake is an example of an ectotherm. Ectotherms rely on outside temperatures to regulate their body heat. Ectotherms are usually found in areas where the temperature is generally stable, such as the desert or the abyssal ocean.
13. Endothermy
Endotherms, like the southern tamandua above, regulate their body temperature almost completely from within their body. Usually the heat they require is a byproduct of their metabolism, but endotherms can also employ methods such as shivering to adjust their temperature.
14. Entropy
Entropy describes the tendency of the universe to fall into disorder. The match here is breaking hydrogen bonds in the ice by melting, increasing disorder.
16. Fermentation
The wine in the above picture starts as grape juice and goes through fermentation to become alcoholic. Fermentation occurs in organisms as a type of anaerobic respiration. It takes over from aerobic respiration when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the muscles, and results in a buildup of lactic acid.
18. Glycolysis
This dwarf crocodile undergoes glycolysis as a step in cellular respiration. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. From there, the pyruvate is used in the citric acid cycle.
19. Heterotroph
Chimpanzees are examples of heterotrophs. Heterotrophs are unable to produce their own food, and are dependent upon organic substances for sustenance. Heterotrophs include all animals.
20. Homeostasis
This club-tailed iguana maintains homeostasis. Homeostasis is the maintaining of an equilibrium within an organism, especially temperature and pH. In this case, the iguana is a conformer, meaning it allows the environment around it to determine parameters for homeostasis.
23. Hydrophilic
Hydrophilic substances, like apple juice, mixes with water. The ice cubes will eventually melt, and the apple juice will become watered down as water mixes with the juice.
24. Hydrophobic
Olive oil is hydrophobic. This means that it will not mix with water, and repels it.
27. Citric Acid Cycle
The turtle is an animal in which the Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb's Cycle) takes place. The Citric Acid Cycle completes the breakdown of gulcose that was started in glycolysis by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide. It is a step in the process of cellular respiration.
33. Stomata
The plant above, like all plants with leaves and stems, has stomata. Stomata are a kind of pore that can be found in the leaves and stems of plants. Stomata are used for gas exchange; They allow carbon dioxide to flow in, and oxygen to flow out. Because of this, stomata are essential to a plants survival.
34. Taxis
The tail and foot protruding from the hole belong to a gila monster demonstrating taxis. Taxis is any movement toward or away from stimuli, as opposed to kinesis, which is a simple change in activity in response to stimuli. This lizard is showing taxis by hiding out in a dark and shaded area. It moved away from the light.
35. Territorial Behavior
Tigers like this one from the Folsom Zoo demonstrate territorial behavior (defense of a territory by its inhabitant) by marking their territory and defending it. They mark their territory by urinating, and will defend their territory against any foreign tiger.
36. Transpiration
All of the plants in this picture lose large amounts of water due to transpiration. Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from leaves and other aerial parts of the plant. Leaves depend upon an efficient delivery system called the shoot system in order to counteract transpiration.
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