Chen,Patrick - Biology Scavenger Hunt Big Idea 2

1. Adhesion of water: Water molecules are adhesive, meaning that they are attracted to other polar molecules. In this photo, adhesion of the water to the coin prevents it from dripping onto the counter.

33. Stomata (Photinia fraseri): Stomata are small openings in the epidermis of leaves and stems where water passes out of. The leaves of this red tip phontinia contain stomata on the surfaces.

4. Autotroph (Trachelospermum jasminoides): An autotroph is an organism that is able to create its own food source using simple inorganic compounds. The confederate jasmine plant is an example for an autotroph.

6. Carbohydrate: A carbohydrate is an organic compound that is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms with the formula of (CH2O)n and includes sugars, starch, glycogen, and cellulose. The saltine cracker is made of wheat which contains carbohydrates.

8. Cellulose (phormium cookianum): Cellulose is the material that cell walls of plants are made of; it is insoluble. The phormium plant's cell walls are made of cellulose.

10. Cohesion of water: Water molecules are cohesive, meaning that they are attracted to one another. The cohesion of water is the cause of surface tension, which holds this peanut shell afloat and keeps it from sinking.

14. Entropy: Entropy is a measure of disorder in a system. The walnut shell is cracked, showing an increase in entropy.

16. Fermentation: Fermentation is the process where energy is taken from organic compounds without oxygen present. Fermentation of grapes causes it to become wine.

19. Heterotroph (Mesocricetus auratus): A heterotroph is an organism that cannot create is own energy and therefore must feed on other plants or animals for energy. The Fancy Bear Syrian Hamster is a heterotroph as it must consume food for energy.

20. Homeostasis: Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in an organism. Here, homeostasis causes human body temperature to be maintained at 98.6 degrees.

21. Hypertonic: A substance that is hypertonic to another has more solutes. The milk is hypertonic to the water because it contains more solutes like fat and calcium.

22. Hypotonic: A Substance that is hypotonic to another has less solutes. The water is hypotonic to the dried mango in the water as there is a lower concentration of solutes in the water.

23. Hydrophilic: A substance that is hydrophilic is soluble in water and must be polar or charged. Salt is hydrophilic and can dissolve in water. 

24. Hydrophobic: A substance that is hydrophobic is insoluble in water and are nonpolar. Canola oil is hydrophobic, causing it to clump together and not dissolve in water.

25. Isotonic: Two substances with equal concentration of solutes are isotonic. Here, two cup of water with the same amount of sugar added in are isotonic to each other.

30. Phloem (Dracaena sanderiana): Phloem is the organic material in which organic nutrients are carried. In the lucky bamboo has phloem inside its stalk that carries nutrients upward.

32. Saturated fat: Saturated fat is made of fatty acids with the maximum amount of hydrogen atoms, making it a solid at room temperature. This stick of butter is composed of fatty acids, allowing it to not liquefy when left out. 

36. Transpiration (Escallonia exoniensis): Transpiration is the process of losing water vapor by a plant that mostly occurs through the somata. The pink princess escallonia fradesii losses water throughout the day because of transpiration.

37. Unsaturated fat: Unsaturated fat is made of fatty acids where one or more hydrogen atoms are missing because of double bounded carbons, making it a liquid at room temperature. This olive oil contains unsaturated fats as it is in liquid form at room temperature.

38. Xylem (Fraxinus oxycarpa): Xylem is specialized tissue of a vascular plant that carries water throughout the plant's body. The xylem of the raywood ash is inside the stem and provides water to the leaves.