Big Idea 2

# 1 Adhesion of Water: Water is naturally attracted to other surfaces due to the slightly negative and positive ions in H2O. This picture depicts water being drawn down along the chain due to adhesion.

#3 ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate is the energy unit in almost everything alive. This picture shows branches of a Windmill palm tree creating ATP through photosynthesis.   

#4 Autotroph: An Autotroph is an organism that produces complex organic compounds from simple substances. For instance, this pink Douglas Thickless is an example of an autotroph because it is able to make its own food and not depend on other forms of life to survive.

#5 Calvin Cycle: The Calvin Cycle is the method of producing storage units, such as glucose, in plants. Any vegetation, such as in the winterberry holly shown in the picture, uses the calvin cycle to create sugars such as glucose.

#6 Carbohydrate: Carbohydrates are a group of organic compounds that compose many different functions and importances in a living organism. Many foods such as bread, grain pasta, and mangos contain many carbohydrates. 

#8 Cellulose: Cellulose comprises the cell walls of all plants. The leaves of palms such as this Mexican Fan palm tree exemplify cellulose as an agent for building cell walls composed of cellulose. 

#13 Endothermy: Endotherms are animals that are able to regulate their body temperatures independently from their environment. Tigers are examples of warm-blooded animals that can regulate their own body temperature.

#14 Entropy: Entropy is the amount of disorder and order in a given environment. In this picture, the hoses are intertwines and unaligned. In an environment with extreme order, the hoses would be wrapped in a concentric circle. However, in this photo the hoses are in a mess and chaotic, representing the disorder in the environment of hoses. 

#15 Enzyme: Enzymes are protein catalysis that speed up reactions throughout one's body. Honey contains many different enzymes introduced by both the bee and nectar. 

#16 Fermentation: Fermentation is activated when there is no longer oxygen to fuel ATP-generating processes. The creation of modern-day alcohol is made possible by fermentation. This is a picture of scotch alcohol and is an example of fermentation. 

#19 Heterotroph: Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot fix carbon and hence depend on primary producers. A bear is an example of a heterotroph because it is incapable of producing its own food and depends on other organisms to survive. 

#23 Hydrophilic: When a substance is said to be hydrophilic, it expresses polarity and interacts with H2O molecules.  Chlorine is a highly hydrophilic substance and is subsequently used in pools to isolate bacteria and germs. This is a picture of a pool containing chlorine. 

#24 Hydrophobic: Hydrophobic substances are repulsive to water because of their lack of polarity. This is a picture of a bowl of water with a tablespoon of olive oil. The olive oil is hydrophobic and hence groups together because it attempts to elude as much water as possible. 

#27 Kreb's (Citric Acid) Cycle:  In cellular respiration, the citric acid cycle is the method by which, eventually, ATP is produced. Mammals, such as monkeys, have cells constantly using the citric acid cycle. 

#30 Phloem: Phloem is the tissue of a plant which carries important nutrients. In this photo, the veins and Phloem are easily seen.  

#33 Stomata: The underside of a leaf contains stomata or small ventilation pockets for water and carbon dioxide to move in and out of the plant. The backside of this 'Akoko leaf can show many stomata. 

#36 Transpiration: Transpiration is the movement of water through a plant by means of special properties of water. The jasmine vines growing on a metal frame would only be possible through transpiration.

#32 Saturated Fat: Saturated fats are lipids without double bonded kinks in their chemical makeup and can remain solid structures in room temperature. Cooking butter contains saturated fats and can remain a solid in room temperature. 

#37 Unsaturated Fat: Unsaturated fats are fats with at least one double bond within the fatty acid chains. Almonds contain unsaturated fats.

#38 Xylem: Xylem is a type of transport tissue in vascular plants. The roots of this Benjamin Ficus vascular plants can display the xylems.