Big Idea 1

2)  Adaptation of an animal:  Animals evolve adaptations in order to survive better in their environment.  Ducks have evolved webbed feet in order to swim better, because they live in and near water.

 

3)  Adaptation of a plant:  Plants evolve adaptations in order to survive better in their environment.  The palm tree in this picture has waxy leaves, which are an adaptation to help prevent water loss in its native dry climates.

 

6)  Angiosperm: An angiosperm is any plant which flowers and produces seeds as fruit.  This hibiscus has flowers and seeds that are visible inside the flower.

7)  Annelid: Annelids are a phylum of animals that have segmented bodies.  Earthworms’ bodies are separated into many small segments making them annelids.

 

8)  Arachnid: An arachnid is a class of arthropods which has eight legs and a body composed of two parts.  The spider in this picture is classified as an arachnid.

 

 

10)  Arthropod:  Arthropods are invertebrate animals that have segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and exoskeletons made of chitin.  These ladybugs are beetles, which is a type of arthropod.

 

12)  Bilateral Symmetry:  Most animals possess bilateral symmetry in which the two halves of the animal’s body are mirror images.  This bird exhibits bilateral symmetry, since it has identical left and right sides of its body.

 

 

13)  Bryophytes: A bryophyte is a plant that lacks a vascular system to distribute nutrients throughout a plant.  This moss does not have leaves or roots, which are parts of a vascular system.

 



 

14)  Chordate:  Chordates are a group of animals that have spinal columns.  This egret standing in the water is an example of a chordate because it is a vertebrate.

 

20)  Fungi:  Fungi are unicellular or multicellular organisms that function as decomposers and disease-causing organisms.  This mushroom is a fungus that decomposes things.

 

24)  Gymnosperm Cone: Gymnosperms are plants that produce seeds not enclosed in an ovary.  Some gymnosperms, such as this pine tree, produce seeds in the form of cones. 

 

 

25)  Gymnosperm leaf: Gymnosperms are plants that produce seeds not enclosed in an ovary.   Pines and spruces, such as this blue spruce, have needlelike leaves.

 

 

27)  Lichens: A lichen is a symbiotic relationship between a photosynthetic organism such as alga and a fungus. The light green lichen on this rock is a fungus, which contains bacteria that perform photosynthesis.

 

28)  Modified leaf of a plant:  Some plant leaves have been modified through natural selection to function better in their environments.  Cactus leaves have evolved to become bigger and retain water in hot, dry environments. 

 

29)  Modified root of a plant:  Some plant roots have been modified through natural selection to function better in their environments  The buttress roots of this ficus macrophylla have evolved to grow bigger above ground and spread out to anchor the tree.

 

30)  Modified stem of a plant:  Some plant stems have been modified through natural selection to function better in their environments.  These clematis vines have evolved lighter, smaller stems that grow horizontally and vertically in order to help cling to things. 

 

33A)  Organisms in different plant divisions – Jack fruit tree:  All plants are separated into divisions based on their physical characteristics.  The jack fruit tree is part of the Magnoliophyta division because it produces fruit.

 

33B)  Organisms in different plant divisions – Pine tree:  All plants are separated into divisions based on their physical characteristics.  This pine tree belongs to the Coniferophyta division because it produces cones.

 

 

38)  Seedless vascular plant: Seedless vascular plants have structures such as leaves and roots, but do not produce seeds.  This fern is a seedless vascular plant that reproduces with spores. 

 

39)  Tetrapod:  A tetrapod is any animal that has four limbs.  Cows have two front legs and two back legs; therefore, they are tetrapods.