29. Modified Root of a Plant: A modified root of a plant is when the plant adapts to aid itself. Carrots are adapted to store food in the form of carbohydrates, like starch. The carrot, like in the picture, must be harvested before flowering, because during flowering all the starch is used.
30. Modified Stem of a Plant: A modified stem of a plant, similarly to roots, is adapted in order to aid or protect itself. The potato in the picture is a tuber and has the bulb shape. It is adapted above ground and developed for special functions.
27. Lichens: Lichens are a relationship between a fungus or moss, and a photosynthetic partner. In the picture, it is visible that there is moss growing on an Elm tree in a symbiotic relationship.
26. Homologous Structure: A homologous structure comes from homology, which is the study of pairs of genes and the structures formed. In homologous chromosomes, the forelimbs of the various vertebrates and the bones together create a joint structure. This structure is shown in the wings of the turkey in the picture.
22. Genetic Variation: Genetic variation is the variation of alleles in genes. Genetic variation is made possible by crossing - over in prophase I of meiosis. This allows for gene variation. The eye color in this picture, brown, is a result of genetic variation within alleles.
2. Adaptation of an Animal: Adaptation of an animal is when an animal is an alteration of an organism or structure from natural selection to better fit the environment and survive. The peacock in this photo has adapted with an extremely ambient array of feathers, which attracts females and are used in camouflage against predators.
12. Bilateral Symmetry: Bilateral Symmetry is basically anything that can be folded in half and make a mirror image. It is divisible into two, symmetrical halves. The leaf is an example of bilateral symmetry because it is clearly visible that, when folded in half, makes a symmetrical object.
25. Gymnosperm Leaf: A gymnosperm leaf is a plant that does not contain seeds enclosed in the ovary. The pine needles, which create the pinecone, have exposed seeds. Gymnosperm leaves are generally coniferous trees as well.
5. Analogous Structure: An analogous structure would be a comparison to a different type of species that has a similar task, but evolved differently. The wings of the mosquito eater in this picture are analogous to the wings of a bird.
8. Arachnid: An arachnid is a type of invertebrate with eight joint legs. The arachnid shown in this picture is a spider, also known as an arthropod.
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