Main Idea 1

Gnathostome- A jawed vertebrae. This is a cow which is a mammal, which implies a vertebrae, as well as has a jaw.

Adaptation of a plant- the mutation a plant takes over generations to change according to the surrounding environment. The Myrica pensylvanica sheds leaves during the winter to conserve energy.

Angiosperm- flowering land plants. This is a red stemmed filaree, also known as the Erodium cicatarium, which grows on land and flowers, thus making it an angiosperm.

Arachnid-class of animal organisms that includes the eight joint-legged invertebrate organisms in the subphylum Chelicerata. This is a Pholcidae, or daddy long legs which is an arachnid due to its eight jointed legs.

Arthropod- an invertebrate class of animal organisms that is exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages. This a dungeness crab which has exoskeleton, a segmented body, jointed appendages, making this organism an arthropod.

Artificial Selection- the process by which select organisms are chosen to mate based on their adaptations and phenotypes, also known as selective breeding. Fuji apples, as the one shown here, are created by combining the Red Delicious and Ralls Janet variety to develop a certain taste, and a certain shade of color.

Bilateral Symmetry- symmetrical arrangement of an organism or body part so that the left and right sides are equal. A cashew has bilateral symmetry as shown by the two equal halves.

Unicellular organism- An organism that is composed of more than one cell. An example includes yeast as shown, which is commonly uses in the baking of bread. Yeast is a unicellular fungi.

Fungi-Any organism that is single cell, multi-cell or syncytial spore-producing organisms. This is a bag of dried shitaki mushrooms which are fungi because they uses spores to reproduce.

Annelid- A phylum comprised of segmented worms, including earth worms and leeches. They are found in mostly wet environment. They’re length ranges from 3mm to 3m. This is earthworm which is an annelid due to its segmentation as well as its habitat in the moist soil and its small size.

Genetic Variation- Variations of genomes in a species, or between groups of species living in different places and adaptations. This is a pair of dogs, one husky and one border collie mix. These two different variations of the dog show the genetic variation over time.

Gymnosperm Leaf- The leaf of plant that does not produce seeds in flowers, but instead produce them out in the open. Pine leaves are leaves of the pine tree which do not produce flowers.

Gymnosperm Cone- Seed holder or pollinator of a plant that does not produce seeds in flowers. This is a pine cone which holds the seed of the pine tree that does not produce seeds in its flowers

Lichen- A fungus, usually a Ascomycetes, that grows symbiotically with algae, that in a composite organism forms a crust-like growth on rocks or tree trunks. This is a picture of rock tripe or Umbilicaria which is an edible lichen.

Tetrapod- An organism that has four legs especially higher than all vertebrates higher than fishes. This is a horse which has four legs, thus making it a tetrapod.

Modified Leaf of a Plant- An adaptation a plant takes on its own leaves over generations based on the conditions and the needs for survival. This is senecio mandrasliscae which has modified leaves for adapting to the dry environment.

Modified Root of a Plant-An adaptation a plant takes on its own roots over generations based on the conditions and the needs for survival. This is the taproot of a carrot which has a modified root.

Modified Stem of a Plant- An adaptation a plant takes on its own stem over generations based on the conditions and the needs for survival. Theses are thorns of the rose stem which have been modified to protect the plant from predators.

Radical Symmetry- Symmetry of an organism through its center. This is an orange which has radical symmetry since both of the halves are identical.

Eubacteria- A bacterium of a large group typically having simple cells with rigid cell walls and often flagella for movement. Eggs contain many eubacteria needed to sustain the embryo.