Main Idea 2

Adhesion of water- Water has a property to be attracted and “stick” to polar surfaces due to its own polarity. The attraction between the polar surfaces of the straw and the water allows it to be sucked up.

Autotroph- An organism that provides its own energy by converting inorganic substances into organic substances. This is the plant known as bird's paradise. Since it is a plant, it converts inorganic substances into glucose for energy and thus is a autotroph.

Carbohydrate-One of the four organic macromolecules including sugar, cellulose and starch. This is bread, made with flour, which is starch, a carbohydrate.

Cellulose-A insoluble substance used in the cell wall of plants, also a polysaccharide. This is Cycas Revoluta, also know as the Japanese Sago Palm, which is a plant. Since it is a plant, its cell walls are made from cellulose.

Chitin- A polysaccharide that is used in the cell wall of many fungi and exoskeleton of arthropods. This is tiger shrimp, an arthropod that has chitin used for its exoskeleton.

Cohesion of Water- Due to the polarity of water, molecules of water are attracted to each other. The water in the balsamic vinegar, which is polar, clumps it together since the oil is non polar.

Entropy-The degree of disorder or energy that is not available. This is a messy room which symbolizes the energy lost from a clean, ordered room. The energy is not available since it is not in order.

Fermentation-Chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria or other microorganisms. This is wine which starts as grape juice but undergoes alcohol fermentation turning it into wine.

Homeostasis- The regulation of the body including temperature, hydration and other factors. The pig uses the kidney to maintain the balance of water and salt in the body.

Hydrophobic- A substance that is non polar and/or retracts from water. This is a crayon which is non polar, and thus retracts from water making it hydrophobic.

Hypertonic- A solution that is more concentrated in comparison. The bottle on the right is hypertonic since it has much more salt in the same amount of water as the left bottle.

Hypotonic- A solution that is less concentrated in comparison. The left measuring cup is hypotonic in comparison to the bottle since it has more water, but the same amount of salt.

Isotonic- The solutions are equally concentrated. The solution of one bottle of water and one salt packet is isotonic to our bodily fluids.

Lactic Acid- A results of Lactic Acid Fermentation in which is used to recycle NADH in the absence of O2. These are pig muscles which under lactic acid fermentation when there is a lack of oxygen and a need for energy.

Long Day Plants- Plants that only flower after being exposed to a critical amount of sunlight. This is lettuce, one of the few edible long day plants.

Saturated Fat-Fat that only consists of saturated fatty acid triglycerides. There is no double bond. This is butter, and since it has no double bond, it stacks well and creates a solid, butter. Butter is a saturated fat.

Transpiration- The combined use of adhesion and cohesion by trees to transport water from the roots to the leaves. This pear tree uses transpiration to transfer water to it leaves during other seasons when it has leaves.

Unsaturated Fat-Fat that consists of at least one double bond in the chain. This is olive oil, and since it has double bonds, it does not stack well and creates a liquid, olive oil.

Kinesis-Movement or motion. This couple that is jogging is moving around and in motion, and thus has kineses.

Taxis- A organisms response to stimulus. This plant, called Schefflera arboricola, responds the sunlight that comes through the nearby window and thus adapts to turn all its leaves to face the window.