28) modified leaf of a plant: a modified leaf of a plant is a leaf that performs another task other than photosynthesis and transpiration. So basically, the leaf does another job (other than photosynthesis and transpiration.) These cactus spikes are modified leaves because it protects the plant from threats, while performing photosynthesis and transpiration.
29) modified root of a plant: a modified root of a plant is a root that performs tasks other than that of normal roots. A carrot for example, is a modified root because when a carrot plant flowers (farmers
harvest the carrot plant before this can happen) it needs carbohydrates to grow. The carbohydrates needed are stored in the root of the carrot plant, or the edible orange part.
30) modified stem of a plant: a modified stem of a plant is a stem that performs specialized tasks other than that of a conventional stem. This rose bush features a modified stem, because it uses its' thorns to keep itself safe from herbivores and other threats.
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