33.)Stomata- A stoma is a small pore found on the upper epidermis of a plant leaf. Its function is for gas exchange with CO2. Thus, this golden euonymus leaf has stomata on it.
32.)Saturated Fat- Saturated fat is fat that has tryglcyerides that only contain saturated fatty acids. This means that there are no double carbon bonds. Thus, the chain is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. Butter is an example of saturated fat because it does not have any double bonds, and tends to stay hard at room temperature.
8.)Cellulose- Cellulose is an organic compound (C6H10O5) and consists of beta glucose. It is important in the structure of plant cell walls. Thus, this blue boy holly shrub contains cellulose in its cell walls.
1.)Adhesion of water- Adhesion of water is simply when water has an affinity for another polar substance. For example, after a shower, water "sticks" to the glass until it is wiped off. This is an example of adhesion because the water is attracted to the glass.
10.)Cohesion of Water- Cohesion of water is when water is attracted to other water molecules which then results of a larger water droplet. For example, this pool of water is possible because the water molecules combine with each other. Otherwise the puddle would simply disperse.
6.)Carbohydrate- A carbohydrate, or "carb," is a biological molecule that consists of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates are known as polysaccharides, whose main function is the storage of energy. Mashed potatoes would be an example of a carbohydrate because they consist of the three atoms stated above, and serve as energy storers.
2.)Anabolic- Anabolic reactions are metabolic pathways that build up molecules and require energy. An example of this would be stacking red cups onto each other. This build-up requires energy due to me stacking them on each other.
19.)Heterotroph- A heterotroph is an organism that cannot fix carbon, and requires organic carbon for growth. This black lab is an example of a heterotroph because it cannot fix carbon, and requires organic carbon for growth such as meat.
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24.)Hydrophobic- Something is hydrophobic when it does not have an attraction for water and actually repels it. Phobic usually means fear of something. In this case, vegetable oil is an example of something that is hydrophobic because when poured into water, it combines with other oil molecules or sticks to the side to avoid mixing with the water.
35.)Territorial Behavior- Territorial behavior in cats means that a cat has someway of "marking its territory." Scent is the main way cats express territory. In this case, if another cat were to smell my cat's litter box, the foreign cat would know that it isn't free and that it has been "taken." The reason is is because cats use urine to make their mark. Thus, my cat's litter box is an example of territorial behavior due to the fact that when my cat urinates in it, she is also marking her territory.
37.)Unsaturated Fat- Unsaturated fat is a fatty acid that contains at least one double carbon bond. Since there is the double carbon bond, the hydrogen atoms that would be there are eliminated thus becoming unsaturated due to the fact that saturated means that the chain is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. Olive oil is an example of unsaturated fat because it does have double carbon bonds, and stays fluid at room temperature.
16.)Fermentation- In animal cells, fermentation occurs when oxygen is absent and the ETC is unusable. In ethanol fermentation, after glycolysis, NADH is recycled into NAD+ to return back to glycolysis to keep receiving minimal ATP there. Alcohol is an example of ethanol fermentation which also happens in yeast and the rising of bread dough.
5.)Calvin Cycle- The Calvin cycle consists of three stages, (Carbon Fixation), (Reduction), and (Regeneration.) In carbon fixation, CO2 that has entered through the stoma gets fixed into the 5 carbon sugar RuBP. This step is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco. In reduction, ATP and NADPH get used to change 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is regenerated back to RuBP by ATP in the Regeneration phase. This thymus serpyllum is an example of the calvin cycle because the Calvin Cycle takes place in plants.
23.)Hydrophilic- For something to be hydrophilic means that it is "water-loving" and has an attraction to mix with water. NaCl, or salt, is an example of something that is hydrophilic because when poured in water it dissolves into charged Na+ and Cl- ions.
22.)Hypotonic- Hypotonicity refers to a solution that has lesser concentration than the outside cells. Thus, pure water has little to no solutes and is hypotonic because unless more pure water is poured into it, the pure water will rush into the other more concentrated cells. For example if a gummy bear were to be put inside the water bottle, the hypotonic water outside would want to rush into the bear to make it so that the bear and the outside water are of equal concentration (Isotonic.)
21.)Hypertonic- Hypertonicity is the opposite of hypotonicity. Meaning that when something is hypertonic, it contains a higher concentration of solutes than surrounding cells. For example, when salt water is poured onto plants it is bad because the hypotonic water in the plant's cells will want to rush out and mix with the hypertonic salt water causing the cells to shrivel and die. (Plasmolyzed.)
29.)Long-Day Plant- Long-day plants are described to be plants that require long days and short nights in order to be able to flower. Spinach grows in the summer because they need to be exposed to sunlight for 13 hours or more in order to start growing.
25.)Isotonic- Isotonicity is described to be when two substances have equal concentration. This part of a fruit gummy will eventually be isotonic with the concentration of the outside water due to the fact that the water will rush into the gummy, lowering it's solute concentration, and raising the waters concentration.
14.)Entropy- Generally speaking, entropy is described to be the amount of disorder in the universe. Entropy happens spontaneously and has negative amount of free energy. A messy room is an example of entropy because I didn't intentionally want myself to have a messy room it just "happened" and since a messy room is disorder, it contributes to the entropy in the universe.
3.)ATP- ATP consists of a five carbon sugar, a nucleotide, and 3 phosphate groups held together by weak bonds thus giving it the name Adenosine Triphosphate. ATP is also know mainly for transferring chemical energy within cells for metabolism. ATP is created in humans through cellular respiration and fermentation, while it is also produced in plants by way of photosynthesis. Thus, grass is an example of ATP because it undergoes photosynthesis and ATP is produced from the chloroplast.
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