3. Adaptation of a plant: An adaptation of a plant is an evolutionary change in the plant's structure so that the plant is better suited to survive in its environment. This lemon tree has evolved to have thorns that protect the against predators.
4. Amniotic egg: Amniotic eggs are eggs of amniotes- tetrapods that lay their eggs on land. These chicken eggs are amniotic eggs because chickens have four limbs and lay their eggs on land.
6. Angiosperm: An angiosperm is a flowering plant. These prima lilacs are angiosperms because they have flowers
8. Arachnid: Arachnids are a class of animals with eight jointed legs. A spider has eight jointed legs and is thus an arachnid.
11. Artificial selection: Artificial selection is the process by which humans breed plants or animals for certain traits. These mandarin trees are an example of artificial selection because humans have breed them to be a certain size and to have sweet juicy fruit.
13. Bryophytes: Bryophytes are land plants that do not have true vascular tissue. Moss are land plants and do not have true vascular tissue meaning it is a bryophyte.
20. Fungi: Fungi are a group of spore-producing organisms that feed on organic matter. This white mold on the bark is an example of fungi because molds produce spores and feed on organic matter.
21. Gastropod: A gastropod is an invertebre that has an soft, unsegmented body and lives in a wet or damp area. This black mystery snail is a gastropod because it is soft, has an unsegmented body, and lives in water.
22. Genetic variation: Genetic variation is a variation in alleles of genes brought about by mutation. This rabbit is an example of genetic variation because its white fur is a mutation from the normal colors.
23. Gnathostome: Gnathostomes, such as this skink, are jawed vertebrates that have teeth, paired appendages, and a horizontal semi-circular canal of the inner ear.
24. Gymnosperm cone: A gymnosperm cone is the naked seed of a gymnosperm, plants that create unprotected seeds. A pine cone is a gymnosperm cone because it is the naked seed of a gymnosperm, the conifer tree.
25. Gymnosperm leaf: A gymnosperm leaf is a leaf of a gymnosperm, a plant that produces unprotected seeds. This is an example of a gymnosperm leaf because the leaves belong to a gymnosperm, a redwood tree.
28. Modified leaf of a plant: A modified leaf of a plant is a leaf that is structurally changed to do more than photosynthesis. The leaves of this aloe vera plant are spiked on top to repel predators.
29. Modified root of a plant: Modified roots are adapted to do more than absorb nutrients and water. The carrot which is a root is modified to store energy in the form of carbohydrates.
30. Modified Stem of a plant: A modified stem is a stem that is adapted to do more than just carry nutrients to the leaves. The stems of this rose bush have thorns on them to protect it from predators.
35. Protostome: A protostome is a multicellular organism whose mouth develops from a primary embryonic opening. A snail is a protostome because its mouth develops from the original opening in the embryo.
38. Seedless vascular plant: Seedless vascular plants, such as the fern pictured, reproduce via spores rather than seeds. The haploid spores drop off the plant and perform meiosis once they are in the ground to create diploid plants.
39. Tetrapod: A tetrapod is any four-limbed vertebrate. These tortoises have four legs and are therefore tetrapods.
41. Vestigial structure: A vestigial structure is one that by evolution loses its functions. The sexual organs of dandelions, like the one in this picture, are vestigial because dandelions reproduce asexually.
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