Big Idea 2

 33.

Stomata: Stomata are the small pores located on the surfaces of plants' leaves that allow for gases to move into and out of the plant. They play a big part in photosynthesis by letting oxygen out and bringing CO2 in. This birch tree will open its stomata to do that process.

 37. 

Unsaturated Fat: An unsaturated fat is a fat with one or more double bonds and because of this are liquids at room temperature. They are found in most plants and some animals, and Polyunsaturated fats have more than one double bond between C's and monounsaturated fats only have one. As a vegetable, this avocado will contain just unsaturated fats.

 17. 

Glycogen: Glycogen is one of the main units of energy storage in animals and is broken down into glucose to be respirated. It is highly branched due to the many alpha 1-6 bonds it contains between the glucoses.  This cat is ananimal and therefore stores its some of its longterm energy in the form of glycogen. 

 19. 

Heterotroph: A heterotroph is an organism that consumes other organism for their energy. It can be defined as herbivore, omnivore, or carnivore and makes up every level of the food chain except for the lowest one. This dog eats meat and vegetables instead of making his own food and is therefore an heterotroph. 

 1. 

Adhesion of water: Adhesion is the ability of water to stick to other polar substances. It occurs to do the hydrogen bonds that form between the hydrogens in water and nearly anything else that contains hydrogen. This wet paper towel is able to stick to the wall due to this property because the slight attractions cause the objects to attract. 

 4. 

Autotroph: An autotroph is an organism that produces its own food. They use the energy of an inorganic object, such as the sun, and uses it to make sugars. They do not use energy from other organisms to do create their sugars like heterotrophs. This coyotebrush use the energy from the sun to make glucose and therefore it is an autotroph.

 5. 

Calvin Cycle: The Calvin Cycle is the process of photosynthesis by which plants reduce carbon into organic molecules using the products of light reactions, ATP and NADPH. This deer grass will go through the Calvin Cycle as part of photosynthesis as all plants do.

6. 

Carbohydrate: A carbohydrate is a molecule made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen and serves as energy storage unit in living things. This orange will contain carbohydrates in the form of the sugars that make up the fruit.

 8. 

Cellulose: Cellulose is the structural sugar made up of beta glucose that makes up the cell walls of plants. All the cells of this cyclamen will have cell walls that provide the cells with their structure.

 15. 

Enzyme: An enzyme is a catalyst that helps reduce the activation energy needed to start a biochemical reaction. When this frog was a tadpole it lost its tale due to the work of the enzyme collagenase and then became a frog. 

 25.

Isotonic: Isotonic refers to a solution having the same osmotic pressure as another solution. The human body keeps its cells isotonic to the blood around it so the neither become lysed or shriveled. 

 21. 

Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a greater osmotic pressure than the solution that surrounds. A plant will remain hypertonic to its surroundings as to make sure its cells maintain their turgor pressure. This willow will be hypertonic to the soil to keep its cells turgid.

 10. 

Cohesion of Water: Cohesion is water's ability to hydrogen bond with itself which is due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen (slightly +) and oxygen (slightly -). The cohesion due to the hydrogen bonds  are strong enough to hold up both the ball and the leaf. 

 16. 

Fermentation: Fermentation is the conversion of sugar to an alcohol and carbon dioxide when not in the presence of oxygen. The bread here rises through the carbon dioxide released by the yeast as it goes through fermentation.

27.

Kreb's Cycle: The Kreb's Cycle is the process by which an oxalocelatate and an acetyl-CoA are turned into an oxalocelatate producing 1 ATP, 3 NADH, 2 CO2, and 1 FADH. This occurs in the mitochondria of an organism after pyruvate oxidation and before the electron transport chain. This Jaguar will do the Kreb's Cycle as part of cellular respiration to gain to usable energy.

28.

Lactic Acid: Lactic Acid is the product of Lactic Acid fermentation. Lactic Acid fermentation occurs under anaerobic conditions when pyruvate is direct away from oxidation to fermentation, anaerobic respiration using organic molecules as the final electron acceptor which also allows for the recycling of NADH. This bongo goes through Lactic Acid fermentation when it cannot get enough oxygen to its cells to do aerobic respiration.

32.

Saturated Fat: A saturated fat is one that has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms is a solid at room temperature, and is primarily found in animals. This gibbon is going to store its fat as saturated fats because of the fact is an animal.

30.

Phloem: The phloem of a plant is what moves the food, sugars, from the leaves to the rest of the plant. The phloem is located farther toward the peripheral than the xylem and borders the epithelial cells. In this prickly pear cactus, the phloem will carry the sugars created by the photosynthetic organs to everything else.

38.

Xylem: The xylem is the part of the plant that carries water and the nutrients it has dissolved from the roots to the rest of the plant. The xylem is located between the inner part of the stem and the phloem. This philodendron uses xylem to run water and nutrients of the ground to be used for its processes.

12.

Ectothermy: Ectothermy refers to an animal that's temperature varies with its surroundings because it cannot control its body temperature. Ectothermic animals are referred to as "cold-blooded" and include all animals except for mammals and birds. This legless lizard which is a reptile relies on its surroundings to determine its body temperature.