Big Idea 1

2.

Adaptation of an Animal: An adaptation is an alteration of an organism due to natural selection that helps a species survive better in its environment. This miniature alligator has adapted scales to better protect itself from its surroundings as well as its color and stripes which help it blend into to muddy 

waters. 

3.

Adaptation of a Plant: The process of natural selection better suits an organism to its niche. This overall process is called adaptation and this barrel cactus has done so because now it can quickly attain water, store large amounts of it, and has spines to protect itself. 

4.

Amniotic Egg: Amniotic eggs are those which come from amniotes or tetrapods that lay they're eggs on land rather than in water. This chicken egg comes from the chicken which is an amniote.

6. 

Angiosperm. Angiosperms are flowering, vascular plants that produce their seeds in an enclosed ovary. They are the opposite of gymnosperms that produce naked seeds. This lemon tree produces fruit which enclose the plants seeds and are derived from the flower itself making it an angiosperm. 

10.

Arthropod: An arthropod is an invertebrate that has an exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed appendages such as insects, spiders, and crustaceans. This spider fulfills all the requirements of an arthropod. 

27. 

Lichen: A lichen is a fungi that grows symbiotically with algae that forms a layer that sits on trees, walls, and rocks. The lichen on this tree branch is formed of a fungus and algae forming a crust on the tree.

14.

Chordate: A chordate is an animal that has notochord, a central nervous system, and gill clefts. This fish belongs to the subphylum vertebrate which falls under the phylum chordate making it one. 

23. 

Gnathostome: Gnathostomes are vertebrates with jaws, teeth, paired appendages, and an adaptive immune system. They include almost all vertebrates including some fish and tetrapods. This orangutan is a tetrapod because of his four limbs and is therefore a gnathostome.  

24. 

Gymnosperm Cone: A gymnosperm cone is the seed of a gymnosperm which is a plant that produces seeds but does not enclose them with an ovary. Gymnosperm cones are those seeds which are enclosed within a cone and are not visible. This type of pine cone encapsulates a seed coming from a gymnosperm and is therefore a gymnosperm cone.

25.

Gymnosperm Leaf: Gymnosperms leaf plants are those that have exposed seeds. Gymnosperm leaf plants  have seeds that develop on the surface of their leaves. This evergreen tree's seeds are exposed not being enclosed in an ovary and develop on the leaves making it a gymnosperm leaf plant.

33. 

Organisms in different plant divisions: Plant divisions are the equivalent of phyla in animals of which the main ones are tracheophytes, spermatophytes, bryophytes, and green algae. The algae on the pond falls into the green algae category, the fern in the tracheophytes (vascular plant), the cornelia in the spermatophytes (flowering), and the moss in the bryophytes (nonvascular).

34.

Organisms in the same class but different orders: These organism are all in the same class mammalia, or are animals that have hair, a neocortex, three middle ear bones and mammary glands (Females). Classes are subsets of phylum and orders subsets of classes. The monkey is in the primate order, the giraffe is in the artiodactyl order, the anteater in the pilosa order, and the tiger in the carnivora order.

39.

Tetrapod: A tetrapod is a vertebrate that has four limbs and includes reptiles, mammals, amphibians, and birds. This toad is a vertebrate with four limbs and therefore falls under the category of tetrapod.

 41.

Vestigial Structure: A vestigial part of an organism is one that no longer serves a function because it is reduced from its ancestral predecessor where it had a function. This boa has a vestigial organ in its pelvic spurs which serve no function whatsoever to it at this stage.