20. Fungi: A fungus is part of a group of eukaryotic organisms that consists of yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. The black mold is part of the fungi kingdom.
29. Modified root of a plant: A modified root of a plant is root that has adapted for use of a specific function. The carrot has an abnormally large taproot to store food.
22. Genetic variation: Genetic variation is brought about by a permanent change in the structure of a gene, and it is when traits of a population differ from each other. The fingerprint differs from individuals in a population because it is determined by different alleles that have mutated overtime to become different from their ancestors.
8. Arachnid: Arachnids are invertebrates with eight legs. The pholcidae, commonly referred to as a daddy long-legs, is an arachnid.
10. Arthropod: An arthropod is an invertebrate with an exoskeleton, a body part divided into segments, and legs that are not connected. The ant is an arthropod.
41. Vestigial structure: A vestigial structure is one that has lost its ancestral function and is no longer necessary. The plica semilunaris in the corner of the eye is the vestigial remnant of the nictitating membrane.
12. Bilateral symmetry: Bilateral symmetry is the balanced distribution of parts to create symmetry. The leaf shows bilateral symmetry because the left and right side are identical in shape.
27. Lichens: a lichen is a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner. The fungus on the tree represents a lichen because it covers the tree and the tree performs photosynthesis.
30. Modified stem of a plant: A modified stem of a plant is one that has evolved over time to perform a special function. The thorns on the rose stem have evolved to protect the plant.
6. Angiosperm: An angiosperm is a seed-producing plant. The cyclamen flower is an angiosperm because it produces its own seeds.
13. Byrophyte: A byrophyte is a nonvascular plant that do not produce flowers or seeds. The moss on the tree is a nonvascular plant, so it is a byrophyte.
4. Amniotic egg: An amniotic egg is one that contains a yolk, a protective shell, and is able to survive on land. The chicken egg is amniotic.
25. Gymnosperm leaf: A gymnosperm is a plant that produces unenclosed seeds. This is conifer, which is a common type of gymnosperm tree.
11. Artificial selection: Artificial selection is the process where humans breed plants and animals to obtain certain traits. My dog is a purebred labrador retriever.
38. Seedless vascular plant: A seedless vascular plant does not produce seeds and has a xylem for transporting water and minerals throughout the plant. The fern is an example of this type of plant.
26. Homologous structure: A homologous structure is one shared between two different species that performs the same function and has evolved from the same ancestral origin. The cat's legs and a person's arms are homologous to each other.
3. Adaptation of a plant: An adaption of a plant is an evolutionary change that allows the plant to survive. The needles on the cactus have evolved for protection.
39. Tetrapod: A tetrapod is a four-limbed vertebrate, and the class is composed of all amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The squirrel is a mammal, so it is a tetrapod.
14. Chordate: A chordate is a vertebrate in the phylum chordata. These fish are vertebrates belonging to the phylum, so they are chordates.
21. Gastropod: Gastropods are snails or slugs, so this snail is a gastropod.
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