Big Idea 4

19. Predation: Predation is an interaction where a predator feeds on its prey. This leaf of a lemon tree has been eaten by some herbivorous predator. 

4. Climax community: A climax community is an area where the development of vegetation has reached a steady state. The area in the picture is a climax community because it has reached a steady state of growth. 

6. Competition: Competition is a contest between organisms for resources. These two rose bushes are competing for soil and water. 

8. Endosperm: Endosperm is the tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants. This peony contains seeds, so it must have an endosperm. 

9. Introduced species: An introduced species is a species that has been entered into an ecosystem through human activity. Weeds, like this spurge weed, are an example of an introduced species. 

3. Biomes: Biomes are areas with similar climatic conditions on the Earth. The biome shown is a grassland because the area is dominated by grasses.  

17. Pioneer species: A pioneer species is a species that is the first to colonize a previously damaged ecosystem. Mosses are usually the first species to inhabit certain ecosystems, so they are a pioneer species. 

11. K-strategist: K-strategists are organisms with long life spans, large size, and they produce few offspring. The redwood tree is a k-strategist because it has a long life span and a large size.

20. R-strategist: R-strategists are organisms have high fecundity, small body size, and short generation time. Rats are r-strategists because they give birth to many offspring, have a small body size, and have a short life span. 

16. Organisms on different levels of the same food chain: The levels of food chains include the primary producers, the herbivores, and the carnivores. Leaves are on the bottom of their food chain because they are producers, which means they produce their own food. These leaves from a bush will become consumed by a herbivore like a caterpillar that is higher on the food chain.