Picture #1
Big Idea 1
Picture #2
Big Idea 1
#3
Amniotic Egg
An amniotic egg is produced my birds, reptiles, and other egg laying mammals. The embryo develops in an amnion which is the membrane that surrounds the embryo. The shell of an amniotic egg can either be leathery or calcium based. The egg in the picture is a valid representation of an amniotic egg. This egg was laid by a bird and has a calcium based shell.
Picture #3
Big Idea 1
#5
Analogous Structure
An analogous structure is a characteristic of one species that has similar function to another species. The characteristics of the two species must have evolved differently. Examples of analogous structures are wings of birds, and fins of fish. The wings of a duck are an example of an analogous structure because their function is similar to the function of bats while they have evolved independently from each other.
Picture #4
Big Idea 1
#6
Angiosperm
An angiosperm is a plant where the seeds develop inside an ovary. A common characteristic of an angiosperm is if the plant produces a flower. The plant pictured is an example of an angiosperm because it produces a flower.
Picture #5
Big Idea 1
#8
Arachnid
An arachnid is a class of arthropods that have a segmented body and eight legs. Most arachnids are terrestrial invertebrates. Examples of arachnids are spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. The spider in this picture is an example of an arachnid.
Picture #6
Big Idea 1
#14
Chordate
Chordates are members of the Chordata phylum. Four important characteristics to chordates are a dorsal nerve chord, a notochord, gills, and a tail. Fish are chordates and that is why this picture is an example of a chordate.
Picture #7
Big Idea 1
#16
Coelomate
A coelomate is any animal that has a coelom. A coelom is a fluid-filled cavity that forms during embryonic development. Most vertebrates are also coelomates. A red panda is a vertebrate as well as a coelomate which is why this picture of a red panda is an example of a coelomate.
Picture #8
Big Idea 1
#17
Deuterostome
The characteristic that makes deuterostomes unique is that their first opening becomes the anus during embryonic development. All chordates are deuterostomes. A bird is a chorsate; therefore, this picture of an owl is an accurate representation of a deuterostome.
Picture #9
Big Idea 1
#23
Gnathostome
A gnathostome is an animal that has a mouth and jaws. Almost all vertebrates are gnathostomes. A lemur is an example of a gnathostome because it is a vertebrate that has a mouth and jaws.
Picture #10
Big Idea 1
#12
Bilateral Symmetry
An animal that is considered to have bilateral symmetry can be divided into two halves to that each half is a mirror image of each other. This only refers to the animals appearance since an animal has organs on one half of their body that they would not have on the other half. Zebras are bilaterally symmetrical animals because their stripes are the same on both sides of their bodies.
Picture #11
Big Idea 1
#39
Tetrapod
Tetrapods are a group of vertebrates that have four legs. Today, almost all tetrapods are terrestrial. This picture represents a tetrapod because a yellow backed duiker is a vertebrate that has four legs.
Picture #12
Big idea 1
#41
Vestigal Structure
A vestigal structure is an organ or a body part in an animal that that has evolved, so it no longer functions the way it did in previously. This body part has lost almost all of its ability to function like it used to. The wings of an emu are an example of a vestigal structure because they don't have a relevant function since emus can't fly.
Picture #13
Big Idea 1
#7
Annelid
Annelids make up the Annelidia phylum which consists of segmented worms. The Annelidia phylum consists of over 22,000 different species of worms. Annelids are found in marine environments and moist terrestrial environments. The worm in this picture is classified as an annelid.
Picture #14
Big Idea 1
#21
Gastropod
The term gastropod is used to describe snails and slugs. Gastropods are a class in the Mollusca phylum. The snails in this picture are examples of gastropods.
Picture #15
Big Idea 1
#2
Adaptation of a plant
An adaptation of a plant is a change in the structure or function of the plant that makes it better fit to survive in its environment. The monkey puzzle tree is an example of a plant that has adapted to survive in its environment. The way the branches are distributed must have benefits for survival, and the thorn-like objects on the branches help protect the plant.
Picture #16
Big Idea 1
#27
Lichens
Lichens are composed of both a fungus and a photosynthetic partner that coexist in a symbiotic relationship. The moss that is starting to grow on the rocks in the picture is an example of a lichen because it is a component that is necessary to form a lichen.
Picture #17
Big Idea 1
#26
Homologous Structure
A homologous structure is a structure that two animals of a different species share because they have a common ancestor. The two structures may not perform the same function but are homologous as long as they have evolved from a common ancestor. The structure of cat's limb, a humans forearm, a seal's flipper, and a bat's wing all share common characteristics that were present in their last common ancestor. That would make the limb of a snow leopard an example of a homologous structure.
Picture #18
Big Idea 1
#38
Seedless Vascular Plant
A seedless vascular plant has a xylem and phloem which makes it a vascular plant, and they do not reproduce via seeds. Instead, they use an alternative method like spores. A common seedless vascular plant is a fern.
Picture #19
Big Idea 1
#24
Gymnosperm Cone
A gymnosperm is a seed-producing plant whose seeds are produced inside of a cone instead of inside a fruit. The cones that they produce are called gymnosperm cones. The cone in the picture is an example of a gymnosperm cone. (I didn't have an eraser on me, but I used a golf ball to prove I took the picture)
Picture #20
Big Idea 1
#11
Artificial Selection
Artificial Selection, also known as selective breeding, is when humans interfere with animal breeding and choose two parents that have a high probability of producing an offspring with desired characteristics. Zoos often use artificial selection in order to obtain animals that people want to see. This picture is of an exhibit at the zoo and represents artificial selection because zoos are known to participate in artificial selection.
Picture #21
Big Idea 2
#1
Adhesion of Water
Adhesion of water is when water is attracted to other substances. This picture is an example of the adhesive properties of water because water is sticking to my finger even though gravity is pulling it towards the ground.
Picture #22
Big Idea 2
#10
Cohesion of Water
Cohesion of water is when water molecules stick to each other to form a larger water molecule. This picture is an example of the cohesive properties of water because water drops have accumulated and bonded together to form the larger water drops.
Picture #23
Big Idea 2
#3
ATP
ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is used in cells for energy transfer. The structure of ATP includes three phosphate groups attached to the end of the molecule. The energy ATP releases comes from the third phosphate group breaking off from the other two. Many of the cell's processes are powered by ATP. All living organisms are constantly burning ATP in order to supply energy to carry out daily activities. This bird is an example of ATP because it is burning ATP in order to swim.
Picture #24
Big Idea 2
#4
Autotroph
An autotroph is an organism that is capable of producing its own food. Usually, autotrophs use photosynthesis in order to produce sugar. Autotrophs are at the foundation of the food chain. All plants are autotrophs since they can produce sugar via photosynthesis, so the plant in this picture is an example of an autotroph.
Picture #25
Big Idea 2
#5
Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages, light reactions and the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle converts the energy captured from the sun in light reactions into organic compounds that can be used by the cell. The key enzyme during the Calvin cycle is rubisco. This plant is an example of the Calvin cycle because it uses the Calvin cycle to produce sugar via photosynthesis.
Picture #26
Big Idea 2
#6
Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is an organic compound that consists of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. Carbohydrates usually have a hydrogen:oxygen ratio of 2:1. Carbohydrates form things such as sugars. The function of carbohydrates in the human body is short-term energy storage. A bagel is an example of a carbohydrate because it contains a high amount of them.
Picture #27
Big Idea 2
#15
Enzyme
Enzymes are molecules that help increase the rate of metabolic reactions. Most enzymes are proteins. Enzymes transform the beginning molecules, or substrates, into products though different reactions. This picture is an example of the enzyme salivary amylase.
Picture #27
Big Idea 2
#32
Saturated Fat
A saturated fat are composed of triglycerides which contain saturated fatty acids. The difference between saturated fat and unsaturated fat is that saturated fat does not have a double bond between carbon atoms. This means that it is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. This picture of McDonalds represents saturated fat because the food at McDonalds is high in saturated fat.
Picture #28
Big Idea 2
#12
Ectothermy
An ectotherm is an an animal that produces little of its own heat, so they have to obtain much of their heat from the environment. Many reptiles are ectotherms which is why this picture of a snake is an example of ectothermy.
Picture #29
Big Idea 2
#13
Endothermy
An endotherm is an animal that regulates its own body temperature so that it stays at a favorable temperature. This requires energy. Endotherms have several processes that help regulate body temperature such as shivering. A red river hog is an example of endothermy because it regulates uses energy in order to regulate its body temperature.
Picture #30
Big Idea 2
#7
Catabolic
A catabolic process breaks down molecules and releases energy. This picture is an example if a catabolic process because it breaks molecules down to release energy as heat.
Picture #31
Big Idea 2
#33
Stomata
The stomata is an opening on the underside of a leaf. Guard cells surround the stomata and are responsible for regulating the size of the opening. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the strmata, and oxygen leaves the cell via the stomata. Water vapor also exits the plant from the stomata. Almost all plants have stomata which is why this picture of a plant represents a stomata.
Picture # 32
Big Idea 2
#31
Phospholipid
Phospholipids are a type of lipid that are extremely important in the formation of the cell membrane. Phospholipids form a bilayer to create the cell membrane. A phospholipid had two parts, a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. When forming the cell membrane, they are oriented so that their hydrophobic tails face each other. All cells have phospholipids inside them so and organism is a valid example of a phospholipid.
Picture #33
Big Idea 2
#16
Fermentation
Fermentation is used to break down substances in order to obtain energy when oxygen is not present. There are two different kinds of fermentation which are alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Fermentation helps create sourdough bread. The yeast that is added to the dough uses fermentation which is why sourdough bread is an example of fermentation.
Picture #34
Big Idea 2
#2
Anabolic
An anabolic reaction is a process that forms molecules from smaller units. Anabolic reactions require an investment of energy, so they can not happen spontaneously. Photosynthesis is an anabolic process so a picture of a plant is an example of anabolism because it used an anabolic process to create sugar.
Picture #35
Big Idea 2
#27
Kreb's Cycle
The Kreb's cycle occurs in the mitochondria of a cell. The Kreb's Cycle takes acetyl CoA. The Kreb's cycle produced a lot of NADH which are used along the electron transport chain to power the ATP synthase. The Kreb's cycle is a critical process in the production of ATP. All animals participate in the Kreb's cycle so any animal can be an example of Kreb's cycle because it uses it to produce ATP.
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Picture #36
Big Idea 2
#18
Glycolysis
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and converts glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis can occur under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Pasta is an example of a food that is high in glucose. IT can be used as an example for glycolysis because glucose is needed for glycolysis to happen.
Picture #37
Big Idea 2
#21
Hypertonic
A solution is hypertonic if it has a greater number of solutes than what it is being compared to. In the picture, the solution on the left is hypertonic to the solution on the right because it has a greater concentration of sugar in it.
Picture #38
Big Idea 2
#23
Hydrophilic
A hydrophilic molecule is attracted to water and can normally be dissolved in water. Hydrophilic molecules are polar molecules. This picture is an example of a hydrophilic substance because the sugar dissolved in the water making it hydrophilic.
Picture #39
Big Idea 2
#24
Hydrophobic
A hydrophobic molecule repels water. Hydrophobic molecules are nonpolar. The oil in this picture is hydrophobic because when it was placed in water, it clumped together and rose to the top of the water. This is because it is exposing the least amount of surface area that it can to the water.
Picture #40
Big Idea 2
#37
Unsaturated Fat
An unsaturated fat is a fat that has at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain. When there is a double bond, less hydrogen atoms are able to bond to the chain. Unsaturated fats are healthier to eat than saturated fats. Nuts are examples of unsaturated fat because they have high contents of unsaturated fat.
Picture #41
Big Idea 3
Picture #42
Big Idea 3
#1
Diploid
Diploid cells have a homologous pair of each chromosome. They have one chromosome from their father and one chromosome from their mother. These homologous chromosomes from a single homologous pair. Nearly all mammals are diploid organisms. This organism is an example of a diploid organism.
Picture #43
Big Idea 3
#9
Flock
A flock is a group of birds that stay together while flying or foraging. Foraging is searching for and exploiting resources. This picture is an example of a flock because the flamingos are staying together while foraging.
Picture #44
Big Idea 3
#17
Phenotype
An organisms phenotype is how their genes are expressed. Phenotype refers to an organisms appearance. Phenotype is affected by both genes and environmental factors. The phenotype of this fish is its appearance which is caused by the expression of its DNA.
Picture #45
Big Idea 3
#21
Tropism
A tropism is when an organism, usually a plant, grows in response to a stimulus. This picture is an example of a tropism because it started to grow along the fence.
Picture #46
Big Idea 3
#2
Ethylene
Ethylene is a compound that consists of two carbon molecules bonded to each other and two hydrogen molecules bonded to each carbon. Ethylene is a colorless gas. Ethylene is used in agriculture to force the ripening of fruits. This picture of a ripened banana represents ethylene because ethylene promotes the ripening of fruit.
Picture #47
Big Idea 3
#15
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process that eukaryotic cells use to replicate. A single cell will go through mitosis and produce two identical daughter cells with the same genetic information that the parent cell had. Any eukaryotic organism goes through mitosis in order to produce new cells. That makes this bird an example of mitosis.
Pictures #48-50
Big Idea 3
#7
Evidence of different alleles for the same trait.
An allele is located at a locus on a chromosome. Alleles determine the phenotype, or appearance, of a trait. you receive an allele from each parent for a particular trait. A trait that is determined by alleles is hair color. These three pictures show evidence of different alleles for the trait of hair color because three people have different hair colors. One person has blond hair, one had brown hair, and another has black/grey hair.
Pictures #51-54
Big Idea 4
#14
Organisms on different levels of the same food chain
A food chain is composed of many different levels with different organisms on each level. As you move up on the food chain, only about 10% of energy is transferred to the next stage of the food chain. A meal worm is the larva of a beetle. Meal worms are often fed to reptiles, so a frog could consume a meal worm. Snakes often eat frogs. A snake is a possible option for an eagle to eat. This could be considered a food chain where meal worms are on the bottom, frogs are above them, snakes are above frogs, and eagles are at the top.
Picture #59
Big Idea 4
#19
r-strategist
A r-strategist produces a large number of offspring, but they don't exert very much energy protecting them. The chances of survival for the offspring of a r-strategist are low which is why the parents produce so many offspring. A fish is an example of a r-strategist because fish lay many eggs and not all of the offspring survive.
Picture #60
Big Idea 4
#18
Predation
Predation describes when a predator attacks and kills prey in order to eat it. This python is an example of a predation because it is a predator and feeds on prey such as mice and other rodents.
Big Idea 1
#1
Adaptation of an animal
An adaptation of an animal is a change in the structure or function of an animal that makes the animal better fit to survive or reproduce. An adaptation is a result of natural selection and makes the organism better fit to survive in its environment. The foot of a chimpanzee is the perfect example of the adaptation of an animal. The structure of the chimpanzee's foot allows it to climb trees with ease. This increases its chances for survival because it can climb trees in order to escape predators or to reach food sources that are up in trees.
Picture #2
Big Idea 1
#3
Amniotic Egg
An amniotic egg is produced my birds, reptiles, and other egg laying mammals. The embryo develops in an amnion which is the membrane that surrounds the embryo. The shell of an amniotic egg can either be leathery or calcium based. The egg in the picture is a valid representation of an amniotic egg. This egg was laid by a bird and has a calcium based shell.
Picture #3
Big Idea 1
#5
Analogous Structure
An analogous structure is a characteristic of one species that has similar function to another species. The characteristics of the two species must have evolved differently. Examples of analogous structures are wings of birds, and fins of fish. The wings of a duck are an example of an analogous structure because their function is similar to the function of bats while they have evolved independently from each other.
Picture #4
Big Idea 1
#6
Angiosperm
An angiosperm is a plant where the seeds develop inside an ovary. A common characteristic of an angiosperm is if the plant produces a flower. The plant pictured is an example of an angiosperm because it produces a flower.
Picture #5
Big Idea 1
#8
Arachnid
An arachnid is a class of arthropods that have a segmented body and eight legs. Most arachnids are terrestrial invertebrates. Examples of arachnids are spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. The spider in this picture is an example of an arachnid.
Picture #6
Big Idea 1
#14
Chordate
Chordates are members of the Chordata phylum. Four important characteristics to chordates are a dorsal nerve chord, a notochord, gills, and a tail. Fish are chordates and that is why this picture is an example of a chordate.
Picture #7
Big Idea 1
#16
Coelomate
A coelomate is any animal that has a coelom. A coelom is a fluid-filled cavity that forms during embryonic development. Most vertebrates are also coelomates. A red panda is a vertebrate as well as a coelomate which is why this picture of a red panda is an example of a coelomate.
Picture #8
Big Idea 1
#17
Deuterostome
The characteristic that makes deuterostomes unique is that their first opening becomes the anus during embryonic development. All chordates are deuterostomes. A bird is a chorsate; therefore, this picture of an owl is an accurate representation of a deuterostome.
Picture #9
Big Idea 1
#23
Gnathostome
A gnathostome is an animal that has a mouth and jaws. Almost all vertebrates are gnathostomes. A lemur is an example of a gnathostome because it is a vertebrate that has a mouth and jaws.
Picture #10
Big Idea 1
#12
Bilateral Symmetry
An animal that is considered to have bilateral symmetry can be divided into two halves to that each half is a mirror image of each other. This only refers to the animals appearance since an animal has organs on one half of their body that they would not have on the other half. Zebras are bilaterally symmetrical animals because their stripes are the same on both sides of their bodies.
Picture #11
Big Idea 1
#39
Tetrapod
Tetrapods are a group of vertebrates that have four legs. Today, almost all tetrapods are terrestrial. This picture represents a tetrapod because a yellow backed duiker is a vertebrate that has four legs.
Picture #12
Big idea 1
#41
Vestigal Structure
A vestigal structure is an organ or a body part in an animal that that has evolved, so it no longer functions the way it did in previously. This body part has lost almost all of its ability to function like it used to. The wings of an emu are an example of a vestigal structure because they don't have a relevant function since emus can't fly.
Picture #13
Big Idea 1
#7
Annelid
Annelids make up the Annelidia phylum which consists of segmented worms. The Annelidia phylum consists of over 22,000 different species of worms. Annelids are found in marine environments and moist terrestrial environments. The worm in this picture is classified as an annelid.
Picture #14
Big Idea 1
#21
Gastropod
The term gastropod is used to describe snails and slugs. Gastropods are a class in the Mollusca phylum. The snails in this picture are examples of gastropods.
Picture #15
Big Idea 1
#2
Adaptation of a plant
An adaptation of a plant is a change in the structure or function of the plant that makes it better fit to survive in its environment. The monkey puzzle tree is an example of a plant that has adapted to survive in its environment. The way the branches are distributed must have benefits for survival, and the thorn-like objects on the branches help protect the plant.
Picture #16
Big Idea 1
#27
Lichens
Lichens are composed of both a fungus and a photosynthetic partner that coexist in a symbiotic relationship. The moss that is starting to grow on the rocks in the picture is an example of a lichen because it is a component that is necessary to form a lichen.
Picture #17
Big Idea 1
#26
Homologous Structure
A homologous structure is a structure that two animals of a different species share because they have a common ancestor. The two structures may not perform the same function but are homologous as long as they have evolved from a common ancestor. The structure of cat's limb, a humans forearm, a seal's flipper, and a bat's wing all share common characteristics that were present in their last common ancestor. That would make the limb of a snow leopard an example of a homologous structure.
Picture #18
Big Idea 1
#38
Seedless Vascular Plant
A seedless vascular plant has a xylem and phloem which makes it a vascular plant, and they do not reproduce via seeds. Instead, they use an alternative method like spores. A common seedless vascular plant is a fern.
Picture #19
Big Idea 1
#24
Gymnosperm Cone
A gymnosperm is a seed-producing plant whose seeds are produced inside of a cone instead of inside a fruit. The cones that they produce are called gymnosperm cones. The cone in the picture is an example of a gymnosperm cone. (I didn't have an eraser on me, but I used a golf ball to prove I took the picture)
Picture #20
Big Idea 1
#11
Artificial Selection
Artificial Selection, also known as selective breeding, is when humans interfere with animal breeding and choose two parents that have a high probability of producing an offspring with desired characteristics. Zoos often use artificial selection in order to obtain animals that people want to see. This picture is of an exhibit at the zoo and represents artificial selection because zoos are known to participate in artificial selection.
Picture #21
Big Idea 2
#1
Adhesion of Water
Adhesion of water is when water is attracted to other substances. This picture is an example of the adhesive properties of water because water is sticking to my finger even though gravity is pulling it towards the ground.
Picture #22
Big Idea 2
#10
Cohesion of Water
Cohesion of water is when water molecules stick to each other to form a larger water molecule. This picture is an example of the cohesive properties of water because water drops have accumulated and bonded together to form the larger water drops.
Picture #23
Big Idea 2
#3
ATP
ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is used in cells for energy transfer. The structure of ATP includes three phosphate groups attached to the end of the molecule. The energy ATP releases comes from the third phosphate group breaking off from the other two. Many of the cell's processes are powered by ATP. All living organisms are constantly burning ATP in order to supply energy to carry out daily activities. This bird is an example of ATP because it is burning ATP in order to swim.
Picture #24
Big Idea 2
#4
Autotroph
An autotroph is an organism that is capable of producing its own food. Usually, autotrophs use photosynthesis in order to produce sugar. Autotrophs are at the foundation of the food chain. All plants are autotrophs since they can produce sugar via photosynthesis, so the plant in this picture is an example of an autotroph.
Picture #25
Big Idea 2
#5
Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages, light reactions and the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle converts the energy captured from the sun in light reactions into organic compounds that can be used by the cell. The key enzyme during the Calvin cycle is rubisco. This plant is an example of the Calvin cycle because it uses the Calvin cycle to produce sugar via photosynthesis.
Picture #26
Big Idea 2
#6
Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is an organic compound that consists of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. Carbohydrates usually have a hydrogen:oxygen ratio of 2:1. Carbohydrates form things such as sugars. The function of carbohydrates in the human body is short-term energy storage. A bagel is an example of a carbohydrate because it contains a high amount of them.
Picture #27
Big Idea 2
#15
Enzyme
Enzymes are molecules that help increase the rate of metabolic reactions. Most enzymes are proteins. Enzymes transform the beginning molecules, or substrates, into products though different reactions. This picture is an example of the enzyme salivary amylase.
Picture #27
Big Idea 2
#32
Saturated Fat
A saturated fat are composed of triglycerides which contain saturated fatty acids. The difference between saturated fat and unsaturated fat is that saturated fat does not have a double bond between carbon atoms. This means that it is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. This picture of McDonalds represents saturated fat because the food at McDonalds is high in saturated fat.
Picture #28
Big Idea 2
#12
Ectothermy
An ectotherm is an an animal that produces little of its own heat, so they have to obtain much of their heat from the environment. Many reptiles are ectotherms which is why this picture of a snake is an example of ectothermy.
Picture #29
Big Idea 2
#13
Endothermy
An endotherm is an animal that regulates its own body temperature so that it stays at a favorable temperature. This requires energy. Endotherms have several processes that help regulate body temperature such as shivering. A red river hog is an example of endothermy because it regulates uses energy in order to regulate its body temperature.
Picture #30
Big Idea 2
#7
Catabolic
A catabolic process breaks down molecules and releases energy. This picture is an example if a catabolic process because it breaks molecules down to release energy as heat.
Picture #31
Big Idea 2
#33
Stomata
The stomata is an opening on the underside of a leaf. Guard cells surround the stomata and are responsible for regulating the size of the opening. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the strmata, and oxygen leaves the cell via the stomata. Water vapor also exits the plant from the stomata. Almost all plants have stomata which is why this picture of a plant represents a stomata.
Picture # 32
Big Idea 2
#31
Phospholipid
Phospholipids are a type of lipid that are extremely important in the formation of the cell membrane. Phospholipids form a bilayer to create the cell membrane. A phospholipid had two parts, a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. When forming the cell membrane, they are oriented so that their hydrophobic tails face each other. All cells have phospholipids inside them so and organism is a valid example of a phospholipid.
Picture #33
Big Idea 2
#16
Fermentation
Fermentation is used to break down substances in order to obtain energy when oxygen is not present. There are two different kinds of fermentation which are alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Fermentation helps create sourdough bread. The yeast that is added to the dough uses fermentation which is why sourdough bread is an example of fermentation.
Picture #34
Big Idea 2
#2
Anabolic
An anabolic reaction is a process that forms molecules from smaller units. Anabolic reactions require an investment of energy, so they can not happen spontaneously. Photosynthesis is an anabolic process so a picture of a plant is an example of anabolism because it used an anabolic process to create sugar.
Picture #35
Big Idea 2
#27
Kreb's Cycle
The Kreb's cycle occurs in the mitochondria of a cell. The Kreb's Cycle takes acetyl CoA. The Kreb's cycle produced a lot of NADH which are used along the electron transport chain to power the ATP synthase. The Kreb's cycle is a critical process in the production of ATP. All animals participate in the Kreb's cycle so any animal can be an example of Kreb's cycle because it uses it to produce ATP.
Picture #36
Big Idea 2
#18
Glycolysis
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and converts glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis can occur under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Pasta is an example of a food that is high in glucose. IT can be used as an example for glycolysis because glucose is needed for glycolysis to happen.
Picture #37
Big Idea 2
#21
Hypertonic
A solution is hypertonic if it has a greater number of solutes than what it is being compared to. In the picture, the solution on the left is hypertonic to the solution on the right because it has a greater concentration of sugar in it.
Picture #38
Big Idea 2
#23
Hydrophilic
A hydrophilic molecule is attracted to water and can normally be dissolved in water. Hydrophilic molecules are polar molecules. This picture is an example of a hydrophilic substance because the sugar dissolved in the water making it hydrophilic.
Picture #39
Big Idea 2
#24
Hydrophobic
A hydrophobic molecule repels water. Hydrophobic molecules are nonpolar. The oil in this picture is hydrophobic because when it was placed in water, it clumped together and rose to the top of the water. This is because it is exposing the least amount of surface area that it can to the water.
Picture #40
Big Idea 2
#37
Unsaturated Fat
An unsaturated fat is a fat that has at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain. When there is a double bond, less hydrogen atoms are able to bond to the chain. Unsaturated fats are healthier to eat than saturated fats. Nuts are examples of unsaturated fat because they have high contents of unsaturated fat.
Picture #41
Big Idea 3
#3
Eukaryote
A eukaryote is an animal or plant
whose cells contain complex structures are enclosed within membranes. All
complex organisms are make up of eukaryotic cells. The main distinction that
separates prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotic DNA
is condensed into a nucleus with a nuclear envelope while prokaryotic
cells no not have a nucleus. The snake in this picture is a eukaryote because
it is composed of eukaryotic cells.
Picture #42
Big Idea 3
#1
Diploid
Diploid cells have a homologous pair of each chromosome. They have one chromosome from their father and one chromosome from their mother. These homologous chromosomes from a single homologous pair. Nearly all mammals are diploid organisms. This organism is an example of a diploid organism.
Picture #43
Big Idea 3
#9
Flock
A flock is a group of birds that stay together while flying or foraging. Foraging is searching for and exploiting resources. This picture is an example of a flock because the flamingos are staying together while foraging.
Picture #44
Big Idea 3
#17
Phenotype
An organisms phenotype is how their genes are expressed. Phenotype refers to an organisms appearance. Phenotype is affected by both genes and environmental factors. The phenotype of this fish is its appearance which is caused by the expression of its DNA.
Picture #45
Big Idea 3
#21
Tropism
A tropism is when an organism, usually a plant, grows in response to a stimulus. This picture is an example of a tropism because it started to grow along the fence.
Picture #46
Big Idea 3
#2
Ethylene
Ethylene is a compound that consists of two carbon molecules bonded to each other and two hydrogen molecules bonded to each carbon. Ethylene is a colorless gas. Ethylene is used in agriculture to force the ripening of fruits. This picture of a ripened banana represents ethylene because ethylene promotes the ripening of fruit.
Picture #47
Big Idea 3
#15
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process that eukaryotic cells use to replicate. A single cell will go through mitosis and produce two identical daughter cells with the same genetic information that the parent cell had. Any eukaryotic organism goes through mitosis in order to produce new cells. That makes this bird an example of mitosis.
Pictures #48-50
Big Idea 3
#7
Evidence of different alleles for the same trait.
An allele is located at a locus on a chromosome. Alleles determine the phenotype, or appearance, of a trait. you receive an allele from each parent for a particular trait. A trait that is determined by alleles is hair color. These three pictures show evidence of different alleles for the trait of hair color because three people have different hair colors. One person has blond hair, one had brown hair, and another has black/grey hair.
Pictures #51-54
Big Idea 4
#14
Organisms on different levels of the same food chain
A food chain is composed of many different levels with different organisms on each level. As you move up on the food chain, only about 10% of energy is transferred to the next stage of the food chain. A meal worm is the larva of a beetle. Meal worms are often fed to reptiles, so a frog could consume a meal worm. Snakes often eat frogs. A snake is a possible option for an eagle to eat. This could be considered a food chain where meal worms are on the bottom, frogs are above them, snakes are above frogs, and eagles are at the top.
Picture #55-56
Big Idea 4
#3
Biomes
A biome is a large community of organisms that have adapted to the climate and the conditions of the region that they live in.
This is an example of a freshwater biome:
The environment of this picture represents a terrestrial biome:
Picture #57
Big Idea 4
#6
Competition
Competition is a contest between organisms for territory or resources. This picture is an example of competition because with so many fish in such a small space, when they are fed there has to be competition for food.
Picture #58
Big Idea 4
#11
K-strategist
A K-strategist is an animal that produces a small amount of offspring, but they care for them and protect them to increase their chances of survival. A lion is an example of a K-strategist because lions have very few offspring at a time, but they protect them to increase their chances of survival.
Big Idea 4
#19
r-strategist
A r-strategist produces a large number of offspring, but they don't exert very much energy protecting them. The chances of survival for the offspring of a r-strategist are low which is why the parents produce so many offspring. A fish is an example of a r-strategist because fish lay many eggs and not all of the offspring survive.
Picture #60
Big Idea 4
#18
Predation
Predation describes when a predator attacks and kills prey in order to eat it. This python is an example of a predation because it is a predator and feeds on prey such as mice and other rodents.
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