 |
| 34) Orders- animal classes are further divided into orders. For example the mammal class has the rodent is is the order to which rabbits and mice belong to, but they are part of the mammalian class and Chordata phylum. Snakes and lizards belong to the Squamata order, but they are part of the reptile class and Chordata phylum. Tortoises belong to the testudines order, but are part of the reptile class and Chordata phylum. |
 |
| 7) Annelids- is a phylum of invertebrates with segmented bodies that have circular shapes and reproduce sexually. Examples are earthworms, marine worms, and leeches. The picture is of some worms that are about to be used as food. They have pretty round bodies so I'm guessing they're Annelids. |
 |
| 17) Pollinator- is an organism, like insects or birds, that help plants with flowers or seeds pollinate. When they eat a seed or flower they spread the plants pollen to its flowers or to other places on the ground so more of a plant can grow. Conures are birds that when they eat in the wild, distribute seeds and help pollinate flowers. Bees are other well-known pollinators. |
 |
| 1) Altruistic Behavior- is behavior in which an individual helps another, but suffers from it. Dogs are animals that show altruistic behavior. When their children or master is in danger they will become very protective and can fight for them, even if they get hurt. Humans and many other animals show altruistic behavior, especially when it concerns their own blood. |
 |
| 6) Haploid- an organism or cell that only has one set of chromosomes. Some organisms like bacteria are always haploid. Other organisms like humans, plants, and other sexually reproducing organisms have cells that are haploid, but are mainly diploid organisms. The picture above is of a palm tree. Palm trees have cells that are haploid meant for reproduction, just like humans have haploid gametes. |
 |
| 2) Anabolic- when energy is required for a reaction to occur. Anabolic reactions involve building something rather than breaking something down and require an input of energy. Stacking blocks represents anabolic reactions because no energy is being released. I have to use and input energy to stack the blocks. |
 |
| 9) Chitin- a polysaccharide that makes up the exoskeleton of Arthropods and the cell wall of fungi and algae. The picture of a moth shows an organism that uses chitin. A moth is a type of arthropod and and chitin is especially important for its wings. |
 |
| 19) Hetertroph- an organism that can't make its own food and so must eat other organisms. Most plants and algae are autotrophs. That means everything else is a heterotroph. A bearded dragon is a heterotroph because it must eat to survive and get its necessary nutrients. |
 |
| 20) Tropism- the response or orientation of a plant or sometimes animal to an external stimulus. Tropism can be positive, when the organism moves towards the stimulus, or negative, when the organism moves away from the stimulus. The image above is of daisies. They are plants that turn towards where the sun usually is. This is called phototropism. |
 |
| 11) Denaturation- the change in a protein's shape or the shape of another molecule. Some Molecules like proteins are very sensitive and require a specific environment to function properly. If a protein's environment becomes too hot, acidic, or basic the protein will change shape and basically die. It loses its function. This is why homeostasis in people is so important. The image of fire represents how extreme heat can denature proteins or DNA. |
 V |
| 3-8) Flock, Herd, Schooling- a flock is a group of birds that migrate and live together. A herd is group of animals usually mammals that live and migrate together. Schooling is when a group of fish swim in an organized manner in the same direction. The image above is of sulcata tortoises. A group of tortoises is called a "creep." |
 |
| 29) Long Day Plant- a plant that blooms when the days are longer, usually in the summer. They require at least 12 hours of sunlight exposure and don't need to be left in the darkness for too long to bloom. Clovers are a type of long day plant that are important to many ecosystems because of the nutrients they provide. |
 |
| 7) Detritivore- an organism that eats organic waste. The image is of a woodlouse. They are a type of Detritivore, which means they eat decomposing plants, animals, and poop. Other detritivores include earthworms, dung beetles, and millipedes. |
 |
| 1-27) Lichens- are a combination of a fungus and an alga. The fungus is the body and the alga is the food producer. They often form on trees, rocks, and walls. The image above is of my tree at home. It has a bunch of lichen growing on its branches. |
 |
| 20) Fungi- eukaryotic organisms that live on dead or decaying things. Mushrooms, like the one in the picture, are a type of fungus that grow from the soil and release spores to reproduce. Fungi can also grow on trees and basically anywhere with decomposing material that is damp enough. |
 |
| 7. Detritovore (Uca pugnax): A detritovore is a heterotroph that feeds off of nonliving organisms. Here, the fiddler crab is decomposing the dead seagull. |
 |
| 20. r-strategist (Acanthinucella punctulata): Species that are r selected have high growth rate and produce many offsping. The hermit crab produces lots of offspring so it is a r-strategist. |
 |
| 18. Population (Paracheirodon innesi): A population is a group of individuals in the same given area at a given time. The picture shows the population of neon tetra living in the fish tank. |
 |
| 9. Introduced Species (Roystonea regia): An introduced species is a species living outside its native range. The royal palm is not native to Sacramento but instead introduced to the area. |
 |
| 3. Biome: A biome is a major terrestrial ecosystem. The biome of Carmichael is defined by a lot of trees and semi mild climate. |
 |
| 6. Competition (vinca minor): Competition is when two or more organisms compete over resources of a specific place. Here, the common periwinkle is taking the resources of other flowers. |
 |
| 13. Niche (glyptoperichthys gibbiceps): The niche is the role that a particulary species has on the environment. In the fish tank environment, the plecostomus' niche is the clean the tank of green algae. |
 |
| 17. Pioneer Species (bryophyta): Pioneer species are the first growers of a previously uninhabitable environment. Moss are often pioneer species and start the nutrient cycle. |
 |
| 8. Endosperm (Zea mays var. everta): An endosperm is a storage tissue inside to seeds of angiosperms. The popcorn revels the endosperm of corn. |
 |
| 11. K-strategist (homo sapiens sapiens): Species that are K selected have few offspring, low mortality, and population is approaching carrying capacity. I am a human and humans are k-strategists because of low fecundity. |
 |
| 20. Fungi (Auricularia polytricha): Fungi are any member of the eukaryotic group that includes yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Unlike plants, the cell walls of fungi are composed of chitin. The cloud ear fungus is a type of fungus that is commonly used in Chinese cooking. |
 |
| 6. Angiosperm (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis): An angiosperm is a flowering plant who's ovules are completely closed during pollination. The hibiscus plant's flower is brightly colored and makes it an angiosperm. |
 |
| 3. Adaptation of an animal (Chamaleo jacksoni): An adaptation is a change in structure, physiology, or behavior that increases the organism's survival and reproduction rate. The Jackson's chameleon has adapted to camouflage with its surrounding to elude predators. |
 |
| 29. Modified root of a plant (Ipomoea batatas): The roots of a plant originally were adapted to anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients. The root of the sweet potato plant has been modified through natural selection to store starch. |
 |
| 24. Gymnosperm cone (Sequoiadendron giganteum): A gymnosperm is a seed plant that does not hold its sees in an ovary. Conifers are gymnosperms and the cone comes from the giant sequoia, a conifer. |
 |
| 3. Adaptation of a plant (Mammillaria ginsa maru): An adaptation is a change in structure, physiology, or behavior that increases the organism's survival and reproduction rate. The needles of the cactus are for conserving water which is an adaption to the dry climate that it is native to. |
 |
| 12. Bilateral symmetry (Phodopus campbelli): Bilateral symmetry in an organism is when divided in half, the two halves are mirror images of each other. The Russian hamster has bilateral symmetry because if you insert a plane at the spine, the two halves will be mirror images. |
  |
| 14. Chordate (Lonchura domestica): A chordate is an animals that has a notochord, hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and endostyle, and a post-anal tail for at least some time. The society finch is a chordate because it contains all the parts necessary to be one. |
| 17. Deuterostome (Echinaster sepositus): A deuterostome is an animal that is bilaterally symmetrical and which the mouth develops after the anus. The red sea star is an echinoderm which is grouped into the deuterostomes. |
  |
| 18. Dicot vs Monocot (Daphine odora marginata vs Muhlenbergia capillaris): Dicot, short for dicotyledon, is a class of flowering plants that has two cotyledon, net-veined leaves, and flowers with 4-5 petals. On the other hand, a monocot, short for monocotyledon, is a flowering plant that only has one cotyledon, with parallel veined leaves and three petal flowers. The variegated daphine is a dicot while the muhly grass is a monocot. |
 |
| 21. Gastropod (Pomacea bridgesil): Gastropods are a taxonomic class inside the phylum Mollusca, containing snails and slugs. The gold mystery snail is a gastropod because it is a snail. |
 |
| 25. Gymnosperm leaf (sequoia sempervirens): A gymnosperm is a seed plant that does not hold its sees in an ovary. Conifers are gymnosperms and the leaf comes from the aptos blue sequoia, a conifer. |
 |
| 38. Seedless vascular plant (Nephrolepis exaltata): Seedless vascular plants are plants that reproduce and disperse with spores. The Boston fern is a seedless vascular plant because it uses spores to reproduce. |
 |
| 39. Tetrapod (Pogona vitticeps): The Tetrapod class consists of all four-limbed vertebrates. The fancy bearded dragon has four feet and therefore is a tetrapod. |
 |
| 41. Vestigial structure (Python regius): A vestigial structure is a product of evolution that has evolved to have to apparent function. The piebald ball python has a vestigial structure at its pelvic girdle. |
 |
| 8. Arachnid (Pholcus phalangioides): Arachnids are joint-legged invertebrate animals that have eight legs. The daddy-long-leg spider had eight legs that are jointed and therefore is an arachnid. |
 |
| 8. Arthropod (Perisesarma bidens): An arthropod is an invertebrate animal having an hard external skeleton with a segmented body. The red claw crab has a hard shell that protects its interior and is therefore an arthropod. |
 |
| 11. Artificial selection (Brassica oleracea): Artificial selection is caused by humans and results in a change in the genetic structure. The cauliflower is a product of artificial selection by sterilizing the flowers of wild mustard. |
 | |
| 30. Modified stem (Solanum tuberosum): The stems of a plant where originally used to elevate the leaves, but in a potato, which is an underground stem known as a tuber, it has been modified to hold starch through natural selection. |
 |
| 40. Unicellular organism: A unicellular organism only consists of one cell. Inside the dirt, there are many microscopic unicellular organisms like bacteria. |
